Hammertoe is a deformity that causes a toe to bend downward at its middle joint instead of lying flat. It most often affects the second, third, or fourth toe. In some cases, the toe remains flexible at first, but it can become stiff and more difficult to straighten as the deformity progresses. Hammertoe can develop when muscles and tendons that control toe movement become unbalanced. This places extra pressure on the joints and causes the toe to curl. Other contributing factors include injuries, arthritis, diabetes, and wearing shoes that are too tight. Shoes with high heels can also force the toes into a cramped position and increase stress on the joints.
People with a hammertoe frequently notice pain while wearing shoes because the bent toe rubs against the inside of the shoe. Symptoms include tenderness, redness, and swelling surrounding the affected joint. Corns and calluses can develop where the toe rubs against shoes or neighboring toes. Some people experience stiffness and difficulty moving the affected toe. As the deformity becomes more severe, it may be painful to walk and stand. A podiatrist can diagnose hammertoe through a physical examination of the foot and toes. X-rays are sometimes used to evaluate the position of the bones and joints and to determine the severity of the deformity.
Treatment depends on how flexible the toe remains and how advanced the condition has become. A podiatrist can recommend shoes with a wider toe box to reduce pressure on the affected area. Custom orthotics, which are shoe inserts designed to improve foot function, can help relieve strain on the joints. Padding and other supportive devices can also improve comfort. When the toe becomes rigid or if pain persists, surgery can straighten the toe and restore a more natural position. Early evaluation can help prevent worsening deformity and reduce long-term discomfort. If you have a painful hammertoe, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Hammertoes can be a painful condition to live with. For more information, contact Joseph M. LaCava, DPM of Arkansas. Our doctor will answer any of your foot- and ankle-related questions.
Hammertoe
Hammertoe is a foot deformity that occurs due to an imbalance in the muscles, tendons, or ligaments that normally hold the toe straight. It can be caused by the type of shoes you wear, your foot structure, trauma, and certain disease processes.
Symptoms
- Painful and/or difficult toe movement
- Swelling
- Joint stiffness
- Calluses/Corns
- Physical deformity
Risk Factors
- Age – The risk of hammertoe increases with age
- Sex – Women are more likely to have hammertoe compared to men
- Toe Length – You are more likely to develop hammertoe if your second toe is longer than your big toe
- Certain Diseases – Arthritis and diabetes may make you more likely to develop hammertoe
Treatment
If you have hammertoe, you should change into a more comfortable shoe that provides enough room for your toes. Exercises such as picking up marbles may strengthen and stretch your toe muscles. Nevertheless, it is important to seek assistance from a podiatrist in order to determine the severity of your hammertoe and see which treatment option will work best for you.
If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Hot Springs, AR . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.
